Generally, these are arranged to form a network. All vessels feature varying. The blood pressure at the arterioles is generally _________ the blood pressure at the aorta. The walls of arteries and veins have three layers. The largest is the aorta. The aorta is the largest artery of the body. Most arteries, including coronary arteries, carry oxygenated blood, but there are a few exceptions, most notably the pulmonary artery. As a consequence, blood pools in the veins and stretches them out. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood, but there are a few exceptions, including the four pulmonary veins. But if you took all the blood vessels out of an average child and laid them out in one line, the line would stretch over 60,000 miles. Arteries also contain a strong, muscular middle layer that helps pump blood through the body. Arteries are defined as blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. First, the “back story:” varicose veins are veins that have become enlarged and twisted because their valves have become ineffective (see Figure \(\PageIndex{9}\)). Philadelphia, PA 19103, The Franklin Institute The inferior vena cava is labeled in the figure below. The sinusoids are the blood vessels that are found in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. It is also the thinnest layer, consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells surrounded by a thin layer of connective tissues. Arteries transport blood away from the heart. Veins carry the blood back to the heart. This is when the filling of the atria and ventricles occurs. Valves also help blood travel back to the heart against the force of gravity. Sign in, choose your GCSE subjects and see content that's tailored for you. Blood vessels are needed to sustain life, because all of the body's tissues rely on their functionality. In general, the tunica externa protects and strengthens vessels and attaches them to surrounding structures. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. Now that you know the types of blood vessels, you can now understand how our blood travels from the heart to our entire body. Blood vessels may be tiny but they cover a lot of ground.The smallest blood vessels measure only five micrometers. Blood pressure is a measure of the force that blood exerts on the walls of arteries. But if you took all the blood vessels out of an average child and laid them out in one line, the line would stretch over 60,000 miles. ARTERIES ARTERIOLES CAPILLARIES VENULES VEINS 4. Name the three major types of blood vessels. The lumpy appearance of this man’s leg is caused by varicose veins. Arteries and arterioles have thicker walls than veins and venules because they are closer to the heart and receive blood that is surging at a far greater pressure (Figure 2). Watch this fascinating TED talk to learn more about blood pressure and the significant health risks of high blood pressure. All blood vessels are basically hollow tubes with an internal space, called a lumen, through which blood flows. It consists mainly of elastic fibers and connective tissues. What are capillaries, and what is their function? Arteries can also dilate or constrict to help regulate body temperature by allowing more or less blood to flow from the warm body core to the body’s surface. They are small and capillary like in structure. Types Of White Blood Cells And Their Functions. Check out this video to learn about capillaries and nutrient exchange: The LibreTexts libraries are Powered by MindTouch® and are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. There are four types of veins, pulmonary, superficial, deep veins, and systemic. These include sclerotherapy, in which medicine is injected into the veins to make them shrink. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Vasoconstriction (narrowing) and vasodilation (widening) of arteries can occur to help regulate blood pressure or body temperature or to change blood flow as part of the fight-or-flight response. In general, arteries and veins are more similar to one another than to capillaries in the structure of their walls. Wesenberg-Dakota. They are known to spread out too. Blood vessels flow blood throughout the body. Have questions or comments? Arterioles. The systemic veins are the ones that take the blood that is deoxygenated from the rest of the body and bring it to the heart’s right atrium. Compare and contrast the structure of the walls of arteries, veins, and capillaries. The walls of capillaries consist of little more than a single layer of epithelial cells. Blood vessels are the tubes that allow blood to function and the many types of blood vessels have different kinds of responsibilities to make sure that our blood is able to circulate the best way and the smoothest way possible for our body to function right. Obesity and pregnancy also increase the risk of developing varicose veins. As is usually the case, when it comes to your health, “knowledge is power.”.

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