Professor of Political Science, University of Alabama. However, coca farming has also adapted, for example by being planted in smaller areas, and the people who suffer the most from Plan Colombia have often been the impoverished farmers whose food crops have been sprayed alongside the coca plants and who have received no compensation from the Colombian government. A few hours east, the less scenic Santa Marta and fishing village of Taganga are near Parque Nacional Tayrona, whose picturesque sandy beaches are unrivalled. June/JulyRock al Parque. Several of the latter reach well into the zone of permanent snow, above 15,000 feet (4,600 metres).

The eastern two-thirds of the country, lying beyond the Andes, differs from cordilleran Colombia in practically all aspects of physical and human geography. Uribe was first elected in 2002 on a platform of law and order and turned to the US for help in dealing with the country’s perpetual cycle of violence by tipping the military balance in their favour. Colombia’s waters are a good (and cheap) place to learn to scuba dive.

Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? No elements found. The two other major cities, Medellín and Cali, are also lively but less overwhelming.

The pre-trip process Claim this business Favorite Share More Directions Sponsored Topics. Welcome to Colombia Soaring Andean summits, unspoiled Caribbean coast, enigmatic Amazon jungle, cryptic archaeological ruins and cobbled colonial communities. It is often referred to as the most Roman Catholic of the South American countries, and most of its people are proud of the relative purity of their Spanish language. Help. Colombia, officially Republic of Colombia, Spanish República de Colombia, country of northwestern South America.

In the cooler mountains, at intermediate elevations, modern cities are juxtaposed with traditional rural landscapes where mestizo farmers cultivate their small plots of coffee, corn (maize), and other crops. Languages Spanish (official), plus various indigenous languages. The eastern lowland extends from the Venezuelan boundary along the Arauca and Meta rivers in the north to the Peruvian-Ecuadoran border stream, the Putumayo, some 600 miles (1,000 km) to the south and from the base of the Cordillera Oriental eastward to the Orinoco-Negro river line, a distance of more than 400 miles (650 km). It’s a place of legends and liquid rainbows, but until 10 years ago the brilliantly hued river known as Caño Cristales was located deep in FARC territory. Cosmopolitan Bogotá is, like most capitals, a busy commercial centre, with a vibrant cultural scene and festive nightlife. 7 Bell Yard, London WC2A 2JR, United Kingdom It is a continuation of the Ecuadoran volcanic structure. The Perijás then descend northward toward the Caribbean to the arid La Guajira Peninsula, the northernmost extension of the Colombian mainland.

Under Plan Colombia, the US has committed around US$7 billion in foreign aid, most of it to the military, to root out illegal drug trafficking and the guerrilla protectors that allow it to blossom. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Colombia boasts all of South America's allure, and more. The massive Cordillera Oriental, separating the Magdalena valley from the Llanos, is composed chiefly of folded and faulted marine sediments and older schists and gneisses. Description Legal. MAP. In southern Colombia the Amazonian rainforest, or selva, reaches its northern limit. DecemberFeria de Cali. Colombia. Hosting terrain as untamed as the country’s one-time reputation, Colombia’s emergence from the travel wilderness means vast areas await exploration. Snorkelling is also particularly good on the islands. The highest are Mount Huila (18,865 feet [5,750 metres]), southeast of Cali, and the Ruiz-Tolima complex (some 17,700 feet [5,400 metres]) between Manizales and Ibagué. The economy is traditionally based on agriculture, particularly coffee and fruit production, but industries and services are increasing in importance. SATELLITE. Almost un-Colombian in their feel, the remote Caribbean islands of San Andrés and Providencia both offer great diving, crystal-clear waters and – particularly in Providencia’s case – a unique Raizal culture. The most important of these is the savanna area called the Sabana de Bogotá. You can join in the following: JanuaryCarnaval de Blancos y Negros. Colombia, officially Republic of Colombia, Spanish República de Colombia, country of northwestern South America. Foreigners and Colombians alike are now far more able to explore this thrilling paradise of cloudforested mountains, palm-fringed beaches and gorgeous colonial cities. Since the early 2000s coca production has declined dramatically – with the security situation improving as well – and Peru has now surpassed Colombia in coca production. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The State Department has also issued a Level 4 Travel Advisory for Colombia.

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If you've ever wondered who invented Christmas trees or advent calendars, we've tracked some favourite festive Christmas traditions back to their roots. Crystalline rocks are exposed at several places on its flanks and are the foci of localized gold and silver deposits. FebruaryCarnaval de Barranquilla. Parque Nacional Natural Ensenada de Utría, Where the river runs red - a family adventure to the heart of former FARC territory, Bogotá's weekly car-free Ciclovia gives visitors and locals a chance to explore by bike, Why Colombia is your next destination for adventure, How these Colombian Christmas traditions bring family together, 8 Christmas traditions from around the world. Few countries boast such striking physical variety as does Colombia. Its 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of coast to the north are bathed by the waters of the Caribbean Sea, and its 800 miles (1,300 km) of coast to the west are washed by the Pacific Ocean. A region of great topographic uniformity, it is divided into two contrasting natural landscapes by a major vegetation boundary. Consider changing the search query. At the Pasto Massif, near the Ecuadoran border, the mountains divide into the Cordillera Occidental (“Western Range”), which runs parallel to the Pacific coast, and the Cordillera Central (“Central Range”), which, with its numerous volcanoes, forms the backbone of the system in Colombia and runs generally southwest to northeast. The batholith contains gold-bearing quartz veins, which were the source of the placer gravels that gave rise to an active colonial mining economy. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. In November 1985 Mount Ruíz erupted, melting the snow and ice that covered it and sending great mudflows downslope, destroying the city of Armero and killing more than 25,000 in one of the country’s greatest catastrophes. Most visitors make time – and rightfully so – to head north to the Caribbean for the sun. The steep and rugged Andean mountain masses and the high intermontane basins descend into plains that extend along the Caribbean and Pacific coasts and across the eastern interior toward the Orinoco and Amazon river systems. Home to a traumatic but rich history, stunning scenery and some of the continent’s most welcoming and sophisticated people, Colombia is a natural draw for travellers to South America.

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